Elevated Level of Small Extracellular Vesicles in the Serum of Patients with Depression, Epilepsy and Epilepsy with Depression

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Abstract

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) properties and sEVs composition are far from being well-studied for now, especially in the context of mental disorders. To elucidate the role of sEVs in disease we performed a quantitative analysis of the blood sEV in patients with focal epilepsy and patients with focal epilepsy with depression, psychogenic non-epileptic seizures with depression, pure depression, and bipolar affective disorder with the current depressive episode (cDE). Small EVs were isolated from the serum by gel filtration or PEG precipitation, and both methods showed very similar results. Subsequently, we precipitated neuronal sEVs and quantified it with several methods. Activity of lysosomal enzymes was determined in the sEVs fraction. The concentration of the blood sEVs in patients with depression, focal epilepsy, or depression with focal epilepsy was higher than in healthy controls. No difference was found between patients and controls in terms of neuronal sEVs concentration. Another finding of our work is that sEVs in the serum of patients contains various lysosomal enzymes. We suppose that the concentration of the blood sEVs in patients with depression or epilepsy is higher due to the sEVs secretion by the immune cells. Finding sEVs in the blood of patients with depression and focal epilepsy grants validity for future attempts to use sEVs as diagnostic tools for these disorders.

About the authors

A. A. Yakovlev

Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow Healthcare Department

Email: nchjournal@gmail.com
Russia, Moscow; Russia, Moscow

T. A. Druzhkova

Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow Healthcare Department

Email: nchjournal@gmail.com
Russia, Moscow

A. Stefanovich

First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov

Email: nchjournal@gmail.com
Russia, Moscow

Yu. V. Moiseeva

Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: nchjournal@gmail.com
Russia, Moscow

N. A. Lazareva

Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: nchjournal@gmail.com
Russia, Moscow

M. S. Zinchuk

Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow Healthcare Department

Email: nchjournal@gmail.com
Russia, Moscow

F. K. Rider

Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow Healthcare Department

Email: nchjournal@gmail.com
Russia, Moscow

A. B. Guekht

Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow Healthcare Department; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Email: nchjournal@gmail.com
Russia, Moscow; Russia, Moscow

N. V. Gulyaeva

Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow Healthcare Department

Email: nchjournal@gmail.com
Russia, Moscow; Russia, Moscow

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Copyright (c) 2023 А.А. Яковлев, Т.А. Дружкова, А. Стефанович, Ю.В. Моисеева, Н.А. Лазарева, М.С. Зинчук, Ф.К. Ридер, А.Б. Гехт, Н.В. Гуляева