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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cell and Tissue Biology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cell and Tissue Biology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Цитология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0041-3771</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-6061</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">669647</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0041377123030033</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">VBPSEK</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Impact of the Stimulation and Inhibition of NAD<sup>+</sup> Biosynthesis on the Maintenance of Pluripotency in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние стимуляции и подавления биосинтеза NAD<sup>+</sup> на поддержание плюрипотентности эмбриональных стволовых клеток мыши</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Antipova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антипова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>andrey.nikiforov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulikova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куликова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>andrey.nikiforov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovjeva</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьева</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>andrey.nikiforov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kropotov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кропотов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>andrey.nikiforov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Svetlova</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Светлова</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>andrey.nikiforov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakimov</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якимов</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>andrey.nikiforov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nerinovski</surname><given-names>K. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нериновский</surname><given-names>К. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>andrey.nikiforov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakhmet</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бахмет</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>andrey.nikiforov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikiforov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никифоров</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>andrey.nikiforov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт цитологии РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт эволюционной физиологии и биохимии им. И.М. Сеченова РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский политехнический университет Петра Великого</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-05-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>65</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>273</fpage><lpage>282</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-27"><day>27</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, М.В. Антипова, В.А. Куликова, Л.В. Соловьева, А.В. Кропотов, М.П. Светлова, А.П. Якимов, К.Б. Нериновский, Е.И. Бахмет, А.А. Никифоров</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, М.В. Антипова, В.А. Куликова, Л.В. Соловьева, А.В. Кропотов, М.П. Светлова, А.П. Якимов, К.Б. Нериновский, Е.И. Бахмет, А.А. Никифоров</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">М.В. Антипова, В.А. Куликова, Л.В. Соловьева, А.В. Кропотов, М.П. Светлова, А.П. Якимов, К.Б. Нериновский, Е.И. Бахмет, А.А. Никифоров</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">М.В. Антипова, В.А. Куликова, Л.В. Соловьева, А.В. Кропотов, М.П. Светлова, А.П. Якимов, К.Б. Нериновский, Е.И. Бахмет, А.А. Никифоров</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vietnamjournal.ru/0041-3771/article/view/669647">https://vietnamjournal.ru/0041-3771/article/view/669647</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p id="idm45181324848752">Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD<sup>+</sup>) plays a key role in cellular metabolism and signaling. In recent years, evidence has accumulated that NAD<sup>+</sup>-dependent processes are involved in the regulation of pluripotency and differentiation of mammalian embryonic stem cells. The major means to maintain NAD<sup>+</sup> levels in mammalian cells is through its biosynthesis from various forms of vitamin B3. In this study, we examined how stimulation and inhibition of NAD<sup>+</sup> biosynthesis affect the maintenance of the pluripotency of mouse embryonic stem cells E14 Tg2a (E14 cells). The pluripotency status of E14 cells was assessed by immunocytochemical and immunoblotting analysis using antibodies to the pluripotency factor Oct4, as well as by staining for alkaline phosphatase. Using NMR spectroscopy, we have found that the concentration of NAD<sup>+</sup> in pluripotent E14 cells cultured in the presence of LIF is about 4 nmol/mg, and it remains unchanged after induction of differentiation with retinoic acid. We have also demonstrated that pharmacological stimulation of NAD<sup>+</sup> biosynthesis by nicotinamide riboside increases the level of intracellular NAD<sup>+</sup> by 20%, but it does not affect the maintenance of pluripotency in E14 cells. Moreover, under conditions of critical depletion of NAD<sup>+</sup> pool by Nampt inhibition with FK866 E14 cells maintained pluripotency, though the expression level of Oct4 was decreased.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p id="idm45181324845264">Никотинамидадениндинуклеотид (NAD<sup>+</sup>) играет ключевую роль в клеточном метаболизме и сигналинге. В последние годы появилось множество свидетельств того, что NAD<sup>+</sup>-зависимые процессы принимают участие в регуляции плюрипотентности и дифференцировки эмбриональных стволовых клеток млекопитающих. Основным способом поддержания уровня NAD<sup>+</sup> в клетках млекопитающих является его биосинтез из различных форм витамина В3. В настоящей работе мы выяснили, как стимуляция и подавление биосинтеза NAD<sup>+</sup> влияют на поддержание плюрипотентности эмбриональных стволовых клеток мыши линии Е14 Tg2a (клетки Е14). Статус плюрипотентности клеток Е14 оценивали при помощи иммуноцитохимического анализа и иммуноблоттинга с использованием антител к фактору плюрипотентности Oct4, а также окраски на щелочную фосфатазу. С помощью метода ЯМР-спектроскопии мы установили, что концентрация NAD<sup>+</sup> в плюрипотентных клетках Е14, культивируемых в присутствии фактора ЛИФ, составляет около 4 нмоль/мг и остается неизменной после индукции дифференцировки ретиноевой кислотой. Также мы показали, что фармакологическая стимуляция биосинтеза NAD<sup>+</sup> никотинамидрибозидом повышает уровень внутриклеточного NAD<sup>+</sup> на 20%, и это не влияет на поддержание плюрипотентности клеток Е14. Более того, в условиях критического истощения внутриклеточного пула NAD<sup>+</sup> при подавлении его синтеза из никотинамида ингибитором Nampt (FK866) клетки Е14 сохраняли плюрипотентность, в то время как уровень белка Oct4 был понижен.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>NAD<sup>+</sup></kwd><kwd>NMR spectroscopy</kwd><kwd>mouse embryonic stem cells Tg2α E14</kwd><kwd>pluripotency</kwd><kwd>differentiation</kwd><kwd>Oct4</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>NAD<sup>+</sup></kwd><kwd>ЯМР-спектроскопия</kwd><kwd>мышиные эмбриональные стволовые клетки Е14 Tg2α</kwd><kwd>плюрипотеность</kwd><kwd>дифференцировка</kwd><kwd>Oct4</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы благодарят проф. Мари Миго (Marie Migaud) из Университета Южной Алабамы, США за любезно предоставленный никотинамидрибозид (NR). Работа была выполнена с использованием оборудования ЦКП “Аналитический центр нано- и биотехнологий СПбПУ”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Bieganowski P., Brenner C. 2004. Discoveries of nicotinamide riboside as a nutrient and conserved NRK genes establish a Preiss-Handler independent route to NAD+ in fungi and humans. Cell. V. 117. P. 495. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0092-8674(04)00416-7</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Cercillieux A., Ciarlo E., Canto C. 2022. Balancing NAD(+) deficits with nicotinamide riboside: therapeutic possibilities and limitations. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. V. 79 P. 463. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-022-04499-5</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Fang Y., Tang S., Li X. 2019. Sirtuins in metabolic and epigenetic regulation of stem cells. Trends Endocrino. Metabolism. 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